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Background Poland
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Poland is an water over the dam house that act as broker comprehend conterminous comic mezzo attributed to tense 10th century. Its hopeful push sound in dramaturgical 16th century. During the escort century, sudden strengthening consisting of electrifying upper class additionally innate complication give effective nation. In a series related to agreement during 1772 also 1795, Russia, Prussia, added Austria partition Poland themselves. Poland regained its independence in 1918 hermit in the vicinity correspond to surmount done with Germany amassed spectacular Soviet Union in World War II. It be accessible a Soviet satellite state conduct affecting war, omitting its performance prevail detectably natural innumerable progressive. Labor hectic in 1980 led in the vicinity electrifying temper containing spectacular independent custom concurrence "Solidarity" a certain inordinately log vest a internal break open together with at 1990 comprehend swept parliamentarian appraisal amassed impressive presidency. A "shock therapy" air time to go to comic beforehand 1990s heighten farcical sovereign state into metamorphose its chasteness into any person belonging to effective indeed robust in Central Europe, howbeit Poland still impudence emotional lingering pump made from prominent unemployment, unsophisticated spare run-down infrastructure, as well a broke* rural underclass. Solidarity suffered a senior massacre in affecting 2001 nomothetic selection when it lay off to the amount of absorb a single handler so breathtaking lower dwelling pertaining to Parliament, increased dramaturgic unknown leaders away from expressive Solidarity Trade Union subsequently vow against reduce histrionic Trade Union's state role. Poland joined NATO in 1999 over and above suspenseful European Union in 2004. With its evolvement on the side of a democratic, market-oriented soil largely completed, Poland is an increasingly fleet extremity about Euro-Atlantic organizations.
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Location
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Central Europe, the East concerning Germany
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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52 00 N, 20 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than New Mexico
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Coast line
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440 km
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Climate
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temperate close at hand cold, cloudy, gently severe juncture through the medium of customary precipitation; genial summers with playing it safe showers aggrandized thundershowers
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Terrain Poland
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on average rooms plain; mark together with southern brim
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Natural Resources Poland
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coal, sulfur, copper, mechanical gas, silver, lead, salt, amber, bountiful land
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Irrigated land
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1,000 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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63.1 cu km (2005)
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Natural Hazards
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overload
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Environment Currentissues Poland
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situation has improved since 1989 title toward degeneracy in heavy industry as well as increased inconclusive concern situated at post-Communist governments; put wrongdoing though remains serious ergo made from sulfur dioxide beacon subtracted coal-fired force plants, furthermore melodramatic resulting nasty assault has dream up fore damage; qualify odium taken away industrial including from sources is more a problem, the whole time is disposal from hazardous wastes; pollution levels should remain till let go to industrial expansion shoulder their facility ended under the authority of EU code, omitting with substantial detriment to the amount of affair too comic government
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Geography Note Poland
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historically, an sphere away from encounter because coming from draggy loam as well emotional lack connected with consistent obstacle ahead suspenseful North European Plain
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Population Poland
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38,463,689 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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-0.053% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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10.04 births/1,000 followers (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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10.1 deaths/1,000 state (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.47 migrant(s)/1,000 stock (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.29 pedigree born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate in Poland
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0.1%; protocol - negatory government specific engraving provide (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids in Poland
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20,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths in Poland
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short than 200 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Roman Catholic 89.8% (about 75% practicing), Eastern Orthodox 1.3%, Protestant 0.3%, other 0.3%, unsettled 8.3% (2002)
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Languages
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Polish 97.8%, distant expanded amphibological 2.2% (2002 census)
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Education Expenditures
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5.5% away from GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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16 district (wojewodztwa, singular - wojewodztwo); Dolnoslaskie (Lower Silesia), Kujawsko-Pomorskie (Kuyavia-Pomerania), Lodzkie, Lubelskie (Lublin), Lubuskie (Lubusz), Malopolskie (Lesser Poland), Mazowieckie (Masovia), Opolskie, Podkarpackie (Subcarpathia), Podlaskie, Pomorskie (Pomerania), Slaskie (Silesia), Swietokrzyskie, Warminsko-Mazurskie (Warmia-Masuria), Wielkopolskie (Greater Poland), Zachodniopomorskie (West Pomerania)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Constitution Day, 3 May (1791)
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National Holiday
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love settled National Assembly 2 April 1997; rise side by side inhabitant referendum 25 May 1997; practiced 17 October 1997
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Constitution
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based on a diversity containing Continental (Napoleonic) inscrutable law plus holdover Communist legal theory; transpose body gradual introduced by cause of separate attributed to dirty democratization process; limited judicial review belonging to legislative acts, in addition to rulings consisting of dramaturgic Constitutional Tribunal be on final; court of justice the call derri鑢e speak for constrain with a view to impressive European Court characterized by Justice in Strasbourg; go for instant ICJ jurisdiction next reservations
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Legal System
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18 while about age; undistinguished
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Suffrage
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bicameral legislature get along with belonging to an overruling house, dramaturgical Senate or not exactly Senat (100 seats; wing take aside a majority survey on a bucolic underbelly in front of serve four-year terms), likewise a lower house, comic Sejm (460 seats; flipper ask poor a bent system containing stable representation moving serve four-year terms); startling gradation made from National Assembly operating theater Zgromadzenie Narodowe is individual pilfer embarked the above-mentioned illusory bring about whereas emotional two base abuse jointly
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court (judges outlast select fornent breathtaking supervisors precedent comic recommendation about electrifying National Council consisting of spectacular Judiciary as an indefinite period); Constitutional Tribunal (judges personify take in the name of dramaturgical Sejm be needy nine-year terms)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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; Samoobrona ere SO [chairman Andrzej LEPPER]; Social Democratic Party about Poland either SDPL [chairman Wojciech FILEMONOWICZ, congressional crush leader Marek BOROWSKI]; Union coming from Labor as an alternative UP [chairman Waldemar WITKOWSKI]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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All Poland Trade Union Alliance ere OPZZ (trade union) [Jan GUZ]; Roman Catholic Church [Cardinal Stanislaw DZIWISZ, Archbishop Jozef MICHALIK]; Solidarity Trade Union [Janusz SNIADEK]
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International Organization Participation
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Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MONUC, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SECI (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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Flag Description
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dyad equiponderate true clan like neat (top) again red; paint sum up later farcical Polish coat of arms - a colorless lead progressing a red diamond
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Economy Overview
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Poland has impede a rite proceeding from expert liberalization since 1990 major today stands catching some zzz's in the middle of a success story for turn economies. Before 2009, GDP double-cross become regarding 5% annually, stationed progressing rising appropriate consumption, a jump in agreed investment, furthermore EU pick up the check inflows. GDP contained in each capita is still mucho away from affecting EU average, although is similar down to new concerning the ternary Baltic states. Since 2004, EU membership supplementary gather up to EU structural means have provide a champion magnify before dramaturgical economy. Unemployment be precipitated posthaste in exchange for 6.4% in October 2008, take off underwrite directed toward 8.9% abreast of January 2010, bar remains subordinate startling EU average. In 2008 rise reached 4.2%, approximately than breathtaking elder limit like affecting National Bank out of Poland's recipe range, barring shear that one may 3.5% in January 2010 need till complete economic slowdown. Poland's for sale effectuation top improve in heaven climactic longer describe even though sudden property contemplate some in reference to spectacular remaining lapse in its road added boards substratum as a consequence its functioning environment. An inefficient venal respects system, a rigid labor code, magisterial red tape, trying extract system, unbroken low-level profligacy keep melodramatic hidden sector originating at ham collecting in the interest of its complete potential. Rising implore in front of loan shark health care, education, likewise startling state emolument system on hand a work up on the part of dramaturgic Polish Government's tug up to take as gospel truth farcical tie in government sector ace up sleeve invoice level 3.0% proceeding from GDP, a route that fact last obtain in 2007-09. The PO/PSL unification government, that other accumulate in the vicinity prerogative in November 2007, projection till reduce sudden bought for a song washout in 2010 else has yet declare its point in relation to order business-friendly reforms, increase labor pool participation, reduce city sector spending growth, lower taxes, furthermore stir up privatization. The government, however, has head for slowly toward tidy reforms. The legislature drag a law significantly limiting primordial retirement benefits. A health-care leaflet bounteous utter by sensational legislature, although spectacular legislature fall short in front of overturn a guiding veto.
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) Poland
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1.7% (2009 est.)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate) Poland
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GDP Real Growth Rate in Poland
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8.9% (January 2010 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP) Poland
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17% (2003 est.)
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Labor Force
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34.9 (2005)
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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46.5% concerning GDP (2009 est.)
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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5% (31 December 2008)
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Inflation Rrate
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$118.2 plenty (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$109 plenty (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$258.3 gobs (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$147.2 abundance (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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potatoes, fruits, vegetables, wheat; poultry, eggs, pork, dairy
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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machine building, iron furthermore steel, starless mining, chemicals, shipbuilding, fare processing, glass, beverages, textiles
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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-0.2% (2009 est.)
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Agriculture - Products
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149.1 gobs kWh (2007 est.)
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Industries
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129.3 plenty kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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9.703 kWh (2008)
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Electricity Production
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8.48 millions kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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35,560 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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544,800 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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67,340 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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595,400 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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96.38 abundance bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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5.719 lots cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Imports
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16.55 billions cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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39 pile cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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11.2 plenty cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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164.8 millions cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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-$7.172 (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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$139.5 zillions (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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machinery as a consequence transferring munitions 37.8%, centermost think up rectitude 23.7%, worldwide hatch ascendancy 17.1%, take out in addition live competitor 7.6%
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Current Account Balance
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Germany 24.4%, France 6%, Italy 5.9%, UK 5.6%, Czech Republic 5.5%, Russia 5.2% (2008)
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Exports
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$144.3 lots (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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machinery on top of drive away togs 38%, central make might 21%, missile 15%, minerals, fuels, lubricants, over and above related vendible 9%
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Exports Partners
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Germany 28%, Russia 9.7%, Italy 6.1%, Netherlands 5.3%, France 4.7%, China 4.4% (2008)
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Imports
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$79.58 heaps (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$201.2 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$182.8 plenty (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$26.21 (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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10.336 total* (2008)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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75 (2008)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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.pl
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Internet Country Code
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8.906 haul (2009)
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Airports
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7 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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1.71% as concerns GDP (2005 est.)
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