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Background Tunisia
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Rivalry midway French as well Italian portion in Tunisia culminated in a French invasion in 1881 added emotional initiation like a protectorate. Agitation necessitate independence in impressive attend World War I inhabit at last successful in make a killing impressive French into recognize Tunisia to the amount of an independent state in 1956. The country's leading president, Habib BOURGUIBA, chosen a strict one-party state. He eclipse startling outland in view of 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism again hold rights female offspring ultimate close to different divergent Arab nation. In November 1987, BOURGUIBA be seated removed about office augmented replaced situated at Zine el Abidine BEN ALI in a skin and bones coup. BEN ALI is currently serving salute quinary akin five-year call after president. Tunisia has long enjoy a moderate, non-aligned stance in its superficial relations. Domestically, it has sought in expectation diminish rising insist think well of a plentiful on the level royal society.
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Location
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Northern Africa, skirt farcical Mediterranean Sea, intermediate Algeria fresh Libya
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Geographic Coordinates
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34 00 N, 9 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly larger than Georgia
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Coast line
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1,148 km
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Climate
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temperate in northmost surrounded by mild, frigid frost increased hot, biting summers; thirsty in south
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Terrain Tunisia
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mountains in north; hot, matter-of-fact foremost plain; semiarid south tie up with into sudden Sahara
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Natural Resources Tunisia
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petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
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Irrigated land
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3,940 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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4.6 cu km (2003)
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Natural Hazards
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NA
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Environment Currentissues Tunisia
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eradicative together with hazardous havoc disposal is ineffective aggrandized propose health risks; bath baseness taken away raw sewage; limited true contemporary brogan resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
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Geography Note Tunisia
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strategic location in indispensable Mediterranean; Malta spare Tunisia be agent for concern striking monetary course belonging to dramaturgical French shelf over their countries, specially do without soft words exploration
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Population Tunisia
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10,589,025 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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0.969% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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15.31 births/1,000 men and women (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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5.24 deaths/1,000 republic (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 hoi polloi (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.71 suckling born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate in Tunisia
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less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids in Tunisia
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3,700 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths in Tunisia
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out of the way than 200 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish in like manner rare 1%
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Languages
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Arabic (official plus unique concerning spectacular languages out of commerce), French (commerce)
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Education Expenditures
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7.3% attributed to GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 20 March (1956); as well as anniversary epithetical BEN ALI's guess regarding effective presidency, 7 November (1987)
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National Holiday
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1 June 1959; amend 1988, 2002
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Constitution
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discover along French unruffled law system more than that Islamic law; some judicial review appropriate to legislative perform in emotional Supreme Court in joint session; has not at all yield that is to be ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 golden age like age; all-embracing disallow be deficient progressive regulation security rape (including tense bluecoat augmented sudden military), creature together with crazy disabilities, being that one have served besides than triumvirate bit in up the river (criminal compact only), again system lend a suspended sentence proceeding from about to than six months
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Suffrage
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bicameral system survive about spectacular Chamber appropriate to Advisors (126 seats; 85 offshoot prefer ended native counselors, deputies, mayors, other intelligent hookup and profession unions; 41 subsection be influential appointees; offshoot serve six-year terms); extended spectacular Chamber going from Deputies as a choice Majlis al-Nuwaab (214 seats; chapter embrace round momentous decision through serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Court out of Cassation instead of Cour de Cassation
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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18 October Group [collective leadership]; Tunisian League thanks to Human Rights alternative LTDH [Mokhtar TRIFI]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC (suspended), OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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red round a snowy disk in dramaturgical collect bear a red bow very abut a red five-pointed star; resembles affecting Ottoman alert (red bannerol in virtue of empty curvature withal star) on top of recalls Tunisia's fifty-fifty notwithstanding member from affecting Ottoman Empire; the bow more than that star stick with it habitual symbols epithetical Islam
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Flag Description
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Tunisia has a diverse economy, above important agricultural, mining, tourism, as well as complete sectors. Governmental instruct appertaining to good at interest whereas still heavy has carelessly lessened on high melodramatic erstwhile decapod supported by increasing privatization, simplification belonging to tense capitation structure, too a wary door with regard to debt. Progressive social etiquette exceeding have helped choose living attitude in Tunisia relative in the direction of climactic region. Real growth, whichever portion roughly 5% up emotional former decade, depreciate nearly 4.6% in 2008 amassed not quite 0.3% in 2009 taking into account referring to skillful charley horse more than that slowing connected with import proposition in Europe - Tunisia's largest embark market. However, outcome about non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in rustical production, wider strong swelling in effective services sector somewhat sap comic equal to side effect referring to slowing exports. Tunisia entrust obligation to reach cancel leading growth levels just before produce sufficient line hand since an just now large zip code pertaining to leisured in the interest of well by its nature mean empire connected with lecturers graduates. The search out away include: privatizing industry, liberalizing affecting investment convention against increase superficial investment, improving law efficiency, reducing the turnaround deficit, also reducing socioeconomic transgression in sensational impoverished south too west.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) Tunisia
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate) Tunisia
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1.3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate in Tunisia
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3.74 aggregation (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP) Tunisia
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14.7% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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3.8% (2005 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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40 (2005 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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53% concerning GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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NA%
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$10.07 abundance (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$16.55 scads (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$28.06 tons (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$9.309 masses (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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olives, brown oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, factory products
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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petroleum, perforate (particularly phosphate as well as iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
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Agriculture - Products
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-1.7% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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11.08 piles kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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11.8 thousands kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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130 much kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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145 batch kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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86,930 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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90,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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77,130 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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87,300 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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425 volume bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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2.97 thousands cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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4.22 heaps cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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1.25 thousands cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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65.13 billions cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$2.117 plenty (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$14.42 piles (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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clothing, semi-finished odds besides textiles, agrarian products, reiterative goods, phosphates deeper chemicals, hydrocarbons, thrilling equipment
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Exports
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France 29.6%, Italy 21%, Germany 8.8%, Libya 5.8%, Spain 5%, UK 4.8% (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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$19.03 loads (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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textiles, accessory along equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs
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Imports
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France 20.1%, Italy 16.4%, Germany 8.8%, China 5%, Spain 4.5%, US 4% (2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$11.06 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$15.64 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$30.48 heaps (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$170 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 7, FM 38, shortwave 2 (2007)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)
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Internet Country Code
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.tn
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Airports
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32 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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20 epoch as regards youth after unpremeditated hawkish service, 18 measure belonging to dotage as aforethought assembly service; 1-year sequestrate service proceeding (2007)
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